在上一篇定语从句的文章中,我给大家具体讲解了定语从句的概念、先行词和关系词,主要提到了关系代词。那今天我们再一起了解下关系副词吧。
什么是关系副词?
关系副词的作用主要是引出定语从句,并在从句中充当状语。英语中的关系副词主要有三个:
when, where, why。
关系副词 when 的用法
when 指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,修饰表示时间的先行词。
比如:
I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 我仍然记得我第一次来到学校的那一天。
The time when we got together finally came. 我们团聚的时刻终于到来了。
关系副词 where 的用法
where 指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语,修饰表示地点的先行词。
例句:
Shanghai is the city where I was born(上海是我出生的城市)
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down(我十年前住的那房子已经被拆除了)
关系副词 why 的用法
why 指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,通常只修饰先行词 reason。
例句:
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane(请告诉我你没赶上飞机的原因)。
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today(我不知道他今天看起来不开心的原因)。
关系副词与"介词+which"的转换
关系副词引导的从句常常可以由"介词+关系代词"引导的从句替换。
where = in / at / on / + which
when = in / at / on / during / + which
why = for which
比如:
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
= This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这是我两年前住的房子。live in the house, 所以这个地方要用 in + which, 或者是where。
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
= Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
你记得你加入俱乐部的那天吗? join our club on the day, 所以这个地方要用 on + which, 或者是when。
This is the reason for which he came late.
= This is the reason why he came late.
这是他来迟的原因。 come late for… 因……而来迟。 所以这个地方要用 for + which, 或者是why。
注意:介词后面的关系代词不能省略,that 前不能有介词。