“There be”句型是英语中最基础、最核心的句型之一,考试中经常会混淆的一个知识点!
今天,我们就来彻底攻克它,让你从此用得又快又准!
一、 核心概念:There be 到底是什么?
There be 句型表示 “某地有某物” 或 “某时有某事”,强调的是一种 “存在” 关系,而不是“拥有”(拥有要用 have/has)。
中文思维: 桌子上有一本书。
错误英语: The table has a book. (❌ 桌子不可能“拥有”一本书)
正确英语: There is a book on the table. (✅ 强调“一本书”存在于“桌子上”)
核心公式: There + be + 名词 + 地点/时间状语
二、 重中之重:Be动词的“变态”法则
There be 句型的核心在于be动词,它必须遵循“就近原则”, 就是和后面的真正主语(名词) 保持“数”的一致。这就是考点所在!
1. 就近原则:Be动词由离它最近的那个名词决定
无论后面跟了多少个名词,be动词的单复数形式只由第一个名词决定。
There is a book and two pens on the desk. (离be动词最近的是a book,单数)
There are two pens and a book on the desk. (离be动词最近的是two pens,复数)
2. 常见情况:
There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词
There is an apple in the basket.
There is some water in the bottle.
There are + 复数名词
There are many students in the classroom.
三、 时态变化:不只是“is”和“are”
There be 句型有多种时态,只需改变be动词的形式即可。
时态 | 结构 | 例句 |
一般现在时 | There is/are... | There is a meeting today. |
一般过去时 | There was/were... | There was a concert last night. |
一般将来时 | There will be... | There will be rain tomorrow. |
现在完成时 | There has/have been... | There has been an accident. |
四、 句型变换:疑问句和否定句
1. 否定句:
在be动词后加not,或者用no。注意:not a/any = no。
There is not a problem. = There is no problem.
There are not any students. = There are no students.
2. 疑问句:
把be动词提到there之前。
Is there a supermarket near here?
Are there any messages for me?
Was there a party yesterday?
Will there be a test next week?
回答方式:
Yes, there is/are.
No, there isn't/aren't.
五、 特殊用法 & 高频考点
1. 与情态动词连用:
结构:There + 情态动词 (can, may, must, should...) + be
There must be someone in the room. (房间里一定有人。)
There should be more parks in the city. (城市里应该有更多公园。)
2. 与“be going to”结构连用: 表示计划或预计要发生的事。
There is going to be a FIFA match tonight. (今晚将有一场FIFA比赛。)
3. 和 seem, appear 等连用: 表示“似乎有……”
There seems to be a mistake in your calculation. (你的计算似乎有个错误。)
There appear to be several reasons for this. (对此似乎有好几个理由。)
六、 常见错误大扫雷
❌ 错误1:混用 There be 和 have/has
错:There have a library in our school.
对:There is a library in our school. 或 Our school has a library.
❌ 错误2:违反“就近原则”
错:There are a pen and two books.
对:There is a pen and two books.
❌ 错误3:在否定句中滥用冠词
错:There is not book.
对:There is not a book. / There is no book.