一、核心区别
Make Sense:不及物短语,含义为“有意义;合理;讲得通”,主语通常是“观点、计划、话语”等事物,不接宾语。
Make Sense of:及物短语,含义为“理解;弄懂(难以理解的事物)”,主语是人,需接宾语(即“要理解的对象”),强调“通过努力弄明白”。
二、详细用法与例句解析
(一)Make Sense
1. 基本句式:主语(事物) + make sense + (状语/从句)
2. 例句解析
例句1:Your plan to finish the project in three days doesn’t make sense—it’s too tight.(你三天内完成项目的计划不合理,时间太紧了。)
结构:主语Your plan + 定语(to finish...) + 谓语doesn’t make sense + 破折号解释;时态:一般现在时(doesn’t make sense),陈述当前对计划的判断。
例句2:It makes sense that she refused the offer because the salary was much lower than expected.(她拒绝这个offer是合理的,因为薪水比预期低很多。)
结构:It作形式主语 + makes sense + that引导的真正主语从句;从句时态:一般过去时(refused, was),主句一般现在时(makes sense),表对过去事件的客观评价。
例句3:His explanation made sense to me when I listened carefully.(我仔细听后,觉得他的解释是有道理的。)
结构:主语His explanation + 谓语made sense + 介词短语(to me) + when引导时间状语从句;时态:一般过去时(made sense, listened),描述过去的理解过程。
(二)Make Sense of
1. 基本句式:主语(人) + make sense of + 宾语(事物) + (状语/从句)
2. 例句解析
例句1:I struggled to make sense of the complicated data the manager gave me yesterday.(我努力想弄明白经理昨天给我的复杂数据。)
结构:主语I + 谓语struggled + to do不定式(make sense of...) + 定语(the manager gave me yesterday,省略that的定语从句);时态:一般过去时(struggled, gave),描述过去努力理解的动作。
例句2:She said she couldn’t make sense of what he meant by his strange words.(她说她听不懂他那些奇怪的话是什么意思。)
结构:主句(She said) + that引导宾语从句(省略that);从句中:主语she + 谓语couldn’t make sense of + what引导的宾语从句;时态:主句一般过去时(said),从句过去将来时(couldn’t make sense of, meant),表过去的感受。
例句3:By the end of the meeting, everyone had made sense of the new company policy.(会议结束时,所有人都弄懂了公司的新政策。)
结构:主语everyone + 谓语had made sense of + 宾语the new company policy + by引导时间状语;时态:过去完成时(had made sense of),强调“会议结束前已完成的动作”。
三、练习题与解析
题目
用“make sense”或“make sense of”的正确形式填空,并分析句式、时态和从句。
1. This math formula doesn’t ______ to me at all—I’ve spent an hour trying to ______ it but failed.
2. It ______ that he left early because he had to catch the last train home.
3. No one could ______ the encrypted message until the expert arrived and explained it.
4. Her reasons for changing the schedule ______ when she told us about her family emergency.
答案与解析
1. This math formula doesn’t make sense to me at all—I’ve spent an hour trying to make sense of it but failed.
解析:前半句“公式对我没意义”,主语是事物(formula),用“make sense”;后半句“努力弄懂公式”,主语是人(I),接宾语(it),用“make sense of”;时态:前半句一般现在时(doesn’t make sense),后半句现在完成时(have spent),描述当前感受与过去的努力。
2. It makes sense that he left early(that引导主语从句) because he had to catch the last train home(because引导原因状语从句).
解析:“他早走是合理的”,主语是“他早走”这件事(用it作形式主语),用“make sense”;时态:主句一般现在时(makes sense),从句一般过去时(left, had to),表对过去事件的客观判断。
3. No one could make sense of the encrypted message until the expert arrived and explained it(until引导时间状语从句).
解析:“没人能弄懂加密信息”,主语是人(no one),接宾语(message),用“make sense of”;时态:一般过去时(could make sense of, arrived, explained),描述过去的情况。
4. Her reasons for changing the schedule made sense when she told us about her family emergency(when引导时间状语从句).
解析:“她改行程的理由有意义”,主语是事物(reasons),用“make sense”;时态:一般过去时(made sense, told),描述过去“她解释后”的理解。