英语live off和live on的区别和用法

2025-10-14 06:12 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:39人

一、核心区别总览

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二、详细用法解析

(一)live off

核心含义:依赖他人的经济支持或外部资源维持生活,主语多为人,宾语常为“提供资源的人或事物”。

句式结构:主语(人)+ live off + 宾语(人/资源)

例句1:The young man who hasn't found a job yet lives off his parents who are both retired.(还没找到工作的年轻人,现在靠退休的父母生活。)

从句1:who hasn't found a job yet(定语从句,修饰young man,时态为现在完成时,表“至今未找到工作”的状态)

从句2:who are both retired(定语从句,修饰parents,时态为一般现在时,陈述父母的退休状态)

时态:主句为一般现在时(lives off),陈述当前依赖的状态;从句1为现在完成时(hasn't found),从句2为一般现在时(are)

例句2:Some homeless people live off the donations that kind-hearted citizens give them every month.(一些无家可归的人靠善良市民每月给的捐赠生活。)

从句:that kind-hearted citizens give them every month(定语从句,修饰donations,时态为一般现在时,表“每月捐赠”的习惯)

时态:主句为一般现在时(live off),从句为一般现在时(give)

(二)live on

含义1:以…为食(维持生命)

句式结构:主语(人/动物)+ live on + 宾语(食物)

例句:The pandas that live in the nature reserve live on bamboo that grows in the mountainous area.(生活在自然保护区的熊猫,以山区生长的竹子为食。)

从句1:that live in the nature reserve(定语从句,修饰pandas,时态为一般现在时,陈述熊猫的栖息地)

从句2:that grows in the mountainous area(定语从句,修饰bamboo,时态为一般现在时,陈述竹子的生长环境)

时态:主句为一般现在时(live on),从句1、2均为一般现在时(live, grows)

含义2:靠…(收入)生活(自给自足)

句式结构:主语(人)+ live on + 宾语(收入/积蓄)

例句:She lives on the small salary that she earns from her part-time job, but she still manages to save some money.(她靠兼职赚的微薄工资生活,但还是设法存了一些钱。)

从句:that she earns from her part-time job(定语从句,修饰salary,时态为一般现在时,陈述“赚工资”的习惯)

时态:主句为一般现在时(lives on, manages),从句为一般现在时(earns)

含义3:继续存在;(记忆、精神)永存

句式结构:主语(抽象事物)+ live on

例句:The spirit of the hero who sacrificed his life for the country will live on in the hearts of people forever.(为国家牺牲的英雄精神,将永远活在人们心中。)

从句:who sacrificed his life for the country(定语从句,修饰hero,时态为一般过去时,表“牺牲”发生在过去)

时态:主句为一般将来时(will live on),从句为一般过去时(sacrificed)

三、易混点对比

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四、练习题

(一)题目

用 live off / live on 的适当形式填空,并分析句子中的从句和时态。

1. The old couple who have no children ________ the savings that they accumulated during their working years.

2. The lazy man who refuses to work ________ his sister who works as a nurse, which makes her very tired.

3. The animals that live in the desert ________ the little water that they get from plants.

4. We believe that the memories of our dear friend who passed away ________ in our hearts forever.

5. The street performer ________ the money that passers-by give him, so he works hard every day to attract audiences.

(二)答案及解析

1. 答案:live on

解析:句意为“没有孩子的老夫妇靠工作时攒下的积蓄生活”,靠自身积蓄(收入类)自给自足,用live on。

从句:who have no children(定语从句,修饰couple,时态为一般现在时,陈述当前状态);that they accumulated during their working years(定语从句,修饰savings,时态为一般过去时,表“攒钱”发生在过去)

时态:主句为一般现在时(live on),从句1为一般现在时(have),从句2为一般过去时(accumulated)。

2. 答案:lives off

解析:句意为“拒绝工作的懒汉靠当护士的姐姐生活,这让她很累”,依赖他人(姐姐)支持,用live off。

从句:who refuses to work(定语从句,修饰man,时态为一般现在时,陈述习惯);who works as a nurse(定语从句,修饰sister,时态为一般现在时,陈述职业)

时态:主句为一般现在时(lives off, makes),从句1、2均为一般现在时(refuses, works)。

3. 答案:live on

解析:句意为“生活在沙漠里的动物靠从植物中获取的少量水分生存”,以某物(水分)为生存基础,用live on。

从句:who live in the desert(定语从句,修饰animals,时态为一般现在时,陈述栖息地);that they get from plants(定语从句,修饰water,时态为一般现在时,陈述获取方式)

时态:主句为一般现在时(live on),从句1、2均为一般现在时(live, get)。

4. 答案:will live on

解析:句意为“我们相信,已故挚友的回忆会永远活在我们心中”,抽象“延续存在”,用live on。

从句:who passed away(定语从句,修饰friend,时态为一般过去时,表“去世”发生在过去)

时态:主句为一般现在时(believe),宾语从句为一般将来时(will live on);从句为一般过去时(passed away)。

5. 答案:lives off

解析:句意为“街头艺人靠路人给的钱生活,所以他每天努力表演吸引观众”,依赖外部资源(路人的钱),非自身固定收入,用live off。

从句:that passers-by give him(定语从句,修饰money,时态为一般现在时,陈述路人给钱的习惯)

时态:主句为一般现在时(lives off, works),从句为一般现在时(give)。

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