一、核心区别:主谓一致规则
1. a quantity of + 名词:谓语动词始终用单数(“a quantity”视为一个整体,强调“一份、一批”的概念)。
2. quantities of + 名词:谓语动词始终用复数(“quantities”为复数形式,强调“多份、大量”的数量)。
二、共同用法:修饰名词的范围
两者均可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,无单复数限制,仅需关注上述主谓一致规则。
三、例句解析(句式/从句/时态标记)
例句1:a quantity of + 不可数名词 + 一般现在时
句子:A quantity of fresh water is stored in the tank that we installed last month.
主谓一致:a quantity of... → 谓语用单数 is
名词类型:fresh water(不可数名词)
时态:一般现在时(描述客观存在的状态)
从句:that we installed last month(定语从句,修饰先行词“the tank”,从句用一般过去时“installed”,对应“last month”的时间)
例句2:a quantity of + 可数名词复数 + 一般过去时
句子:Yesterday, a quantity of old books was donated to the village school by our class.
主谓一致:a quantity of... → 谓语用单数 was
名词类型:old books(可数名词复数)
时态:一般过去时(“Yesterday”提示过去时间,主句用“was donated”;被动语态“was donated”,强调“书被捐赠”的动作)
例句3:quantities of + 不可数名词 + 现在完成时
句子:Quantities of oil have been poured into the sea since the ship crashed last week.
主谓一致:quantities of... → 谓语用复数 have been
名词类型:oil(不可数名词)
时态:现在完成时(“since the ship crashed last week”提示“从过去持续到现在的动作”,主句用“have been poured”;被动语态,强调“油被倒入”的结果)
例句4:quantities of + 可数名词复数 + 将来时
句子:If we don’t take action, quantities of wild animals will disappear from the earth in 50 years.
主谓一致:quantities of... → 谓语用复数 will disappear
名词类型:wild animals(可数名词复数)
时态:主句一般将来时(“in 50 years”提示将来,用“will disappear”);从句一般现在时(if引导的条件状语从句,“主将从现”,从句用“don’t take”)
四、练习题及解析
题目:用 a quantity of 或 quantities of 填空,并补全谓语动词
1. A large ___________ (quantity/quantities) of rice _______ (send) to the disaster area yesterday.
2. ___________ (A quantity/Quantities) of new houses _______ (build) in our neighborhood since 2022.
3. A small ___________ (quantity/quantities) of students _______ (know) the answer to this difficult question now.
答案及解析
1. 答案:quantity; was sent
解析:“a large + 单数名词”,故用“quantity”;a quantity of... 谓语用单数,结合“yesterday”(过去时)和被动语态,填“was sent”。
2. 答案:Quantities; have been built
解析:谓语需用复数,故开头用“Quantities”;quantities of... 谓语用复数,结合“since 2022”(现在完成时)和被动语态,填“have been built”。
3. 答案:quantity; knows
解析:“a small + 单数名词”,故用“quantity”;a quantity of... 谓语用单数,结合“now”(一般现在时),填“knows”。
五、用法口诀总结
单数“quantity”,谓语永单数;
复数“quantities”,谓语永复数;
名可单可复,时态看语境;
主谓先敲定,从句时态再对应。