"ward off"作为英语中高频使用的动词短语，其核心语义围绕"主动防御以避免伤害"展开
ward sb/sth↔off
防止，避免，使防止（危险、疾病、攻击等）
to protect or defend yourself against danger, illness, attack, etc.
例句：
She put up her hands to ward him off.
她举起双手把他挡开。
He managed to free one hand to ward off a punch.
他设法挣脱出一只手来挡住了一拳。
He brought his arm up in a futile attempt to ward off the blow
他扬起胳膊徒劳地想要挡住这一拳。
Have a drop. It'll ward off the cold of the night.
喝一口挡挡夜里的寒气。
Such a thin padded coat cannot ward off the cold mountain wind.
这么薄的棉衣在高山上挡不住寒风。
She may have put up a fight to try to ward off her assailant
她可能进行了顽强的反抗，试图击退袭击者。
She lit a candle to ward off the darkness.
她点燃蜡烛以驱赶黑暗。
- 解析：通过具体动作"lit a candle"展示物理层面的防御，体现该短语对具体事物的阻挡功能。
He put on a hat to ward off the sun.
他戴上帽子以遮挡阳光。
- 解析：通过日常行为"put on a hat"说明预防性动作，强调主动规避潜在伤害的语义特征。
Many people swear by vitamin C's ability to ward off colds.
许多人深信维生素C预防感冒的功效。
- 解析：将抽象概念"ability"与具体功能"ward off colds"结合，体现该短语在健康领域的应用。
She tried to ward off his advances by politely refusing his invitations.她礼貌地拒绝他的邀请，试图避开他的追求。
Couples who communicate openly tend to ward off misunderstandings.
坦诚沟通的夫妻往往能避免误解。
Parents use bedtime stories to ward off children's fears of the dark.
父母用睡前故事消除孩子对黑暗的恐惧。
The company launched a marketing campaign to ward off competitors.
公司发起营销活动以抵御竞争对手。
Investors diversify portfolios to ward off economic downturns.
投资者分散投资组合以抵御经济衰退。
Two staff members were assigned to ward off lawsuits from former employees.
两名员工被指派处理前员工的诉讼。
Regular exercise helps ward off chronic diseases like diabetes.
定期锻炼有助于预防糖尿病等慢性病。
Mass vaccination campaigns aim to ward off the spread of infectious diseases.
大规模疫苗接种运动旨在阻止传染病传播。
Eating garlic is believed to ward off colds and flu.
人们认为吃大蒜能预防感冒和流感。
NATO was founded to ward off military threats from the Soviet Union.
北约成立旨在抵御苏联的军事威胁。
The government adjusted policies to ward off public dissatisfaction.政府调整政策以避免公众不满。
Border patrols deploy advanced technology to ward off illegal crossings.
边境巡逻队部署先进技术以阻止非法越境。
Critical thinking skills help students ward off misinformation.
批判性思维能力帮助学生抵御错误信息。
Schools provide counseling to ward off students' anxiety.
学校提供心理咨询以缓解学生焦虑。
Setting clear rules helps children ward off bad behavior.
制定明确规则帮助孩子避免不良行为。
Soldiers erected barriers to ward off enemy attacks.
士兵设置障碍物以抵御敌人进攻。）
Cyber security measures are designed to ward off hacking attempts.网络安全措施旨在抵御黑客攻击。
The navy dispatched ships to ward off pirate threats.
海军派遣舰艇以抵御海盗威胁。
经典影视对白中的情境化表达
1. 《傲慢与偏见》（Pride and Prejudice）
- 原句：General disappointment is only warded off by the defence of some little peculiar vexation.
- 翻译：只有通过应对一些小烦恼才能避免普遍的失望。
- 解析：伊丽莎白通过理性分析情感困境，体现该短语在心理防御层面的应用。
2. 《指环王》（The Lord of the Rings）
- 原句：With the help of a magical golden staff, they ward off the nymphs that try to seduce them.
- 翻译：在神奇金杖的帮助下，他们抵御了试图诱惑他们的仙女。
- 解析：通过奇幻元素展示该短语在抵御诱惑场景中的隐喻用法。
3. 《老友记》（Friends）
- 原句：I need to find a way to ward off my fear of commitment.
- 翻译：我需要找到方法克服对承诺的恐惧。
- 解析：钱德勒通过自我反思体现该短语在心理障碍克服中的应用。
