1. 定义
when在定语从句中作时间状语,用来修饰表示时间的先行词,如time、day、season、age等。
2. 功能
● 代替先行词:在从句中作时间状语
● 连接作用:连接先行词与定语从句
3. 结构
● 先行词是表示时间的名词。
● when引导的定语从句紧跟在先行词之后。
4. 例句
● This was the time when he arrived.(这是他到达的时间)
● I still remember the day when we met for the first time.(我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天)
5. 与“介词+which”互换
when可与on which、in which、at which、during which等互换使用。
● This was the time when/at which he arrived.
6. 注意事项
● 先行词是时间名词,但在从句中作主语或宾语时,要用关系代词而不用when。
● 例句:I remember the days which/that we spent together.(这里先行词days在从句中作宾语,所以用which/that)
练习题
1. I'll never forget the day ________ we first met in the park.
A. what
B. which
C. when
D. that
2. Do you still remember the year ________ China hosted the Olympic Games?
A. when
B. which
C. what
D. where
3. The second World War broke out in the year ________ most people were in great need of food.
A. that
B. where
C. when
D. which
试题讲解
1. 第一题:
○ 句子的先行词是 “the day”,表示时间。
○ 定语从句 “we first met in the park” 中,句子结构完整,不缺少主语、宾语等成分,需要一个表示时间的状语。
○ “when” 可以在定语从句中作时间状语,符合本题要求;“what” 不能引导定语从句;“which” 和 “that” 在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语,所以本题选 C。
2. 第二题:
○ 先行词是 “the year”,指时间。
○ 从句 “China hosted the Olympic Games” 主谓宾结构完整,缺少时间状语。
○ “when” 引导定语从句时可作时间状语;“which” 和 “that” 常作主语或宾语;“where” 一般用于修饰表示地点的先行词,所以选 A。
3. 第三题:
○ 先行词是 “the year”,为时间名词。
○ 从句 “most people were in great need of food” 不缺主语和宾语,需要一个时间状语。
○ “when” 能够在从句中作时间状语;“that” 作主语或宾语;“where” 用于地点;“which” 作主语或宾语,因此选 C。