动词变形容词的规则
1、加-ing形式:表示“令人……的”,通常用于描述事物本身的特性或给人的感觉,修饰物。例如:
amaze 使吃惊→ amazing令人惊讶的
excite 使激动→ exciting令人兴奋的
tire(疲劳)→tiring(累人的)
2、加-ed形式:表示“感到……的”,用于描述人的感受或情绪,修饰人。例如:
surprise → surprised(感到惊讶的)
tire → tired(感到疲惫的)。
3、加-ful/-less
①-ful 表示“充满……的”“具有……性质的”,如:
help帮助 → helpful(有帮助的)
care护理 → careful(小心的)
②-less 表示“没有……的”“缺乏……的”,如:
hope 希望→ hopeless(没有希望的)
use使用 → useless(无用的)
4、加-able/-ible:表示“可以……的”“能够……的”,如:
enjoy 欣赏→ enjoyable(令人愉快的)
accept接受 → acceptable(可接受的)
5、加-ive表示“具有……性质的”或“与……相关的”,如:
act 行动→ active(活跃的)
attract吸引 → attractive(有吸引力的)
6、特殊变化部分动词需通过词根变化或前缀添加转换为形容词,如:
die死 → dead死的
live生活 → alive活着的
总结:动词变形容词时,需根据语境判断是描述事物特性(用-ing)还是人的感受(用-ed),其他后缀需结合词义记忆。
动词变形容词
1. The _______ (excite) news makes us jump with joy.
2. The __ (tire) boy goes to bed early.
3. The __ (break) cup is on the floor.
4. The _____ (fall) leaves are yellow.
5. The ___ (write) paper is on the desk.
6. The _____ (close) door is locked.
7. The __ (miss) dog is found at last.
8. The _____ (burn) fire is very hot.
9. The __________ (interest) book is popular among students.
10. The __________ (surprise) gift makes her happy.
11. The __________ (bore) lesson makes students sleepy.
12. The __________ (disappoint) result makes her sad.
13. The __________ (satisfy) answer makes the teacher happy.
14. The __________ (frighten) cat runs away quickly.
15. The __________ (puzzle) problem is hard to solve.
16. The __________ (encourage) words make him confident.
17. The __________ (wound) bird is taken care of by us.
18. The ___ (pollute) river is not clean.
19. The __________ (organize) trip is very interesting.
20. The __________ (relax) music makes us feel comfortable.
【答案】
1. exciting 2. tired 3. broken
4. fallen 5. written 6. closed
7. missing 8. burning
9. interesting 10. surprising
11. boring 12. disappointing
13. satisfying 14. frightened
15. puzzling 16. encouraging
17. wounded 18. polluted
19. organized 20. relaxing


