宾语从句按道理来说是最容易理解的，但是现实教学中，宾语从句也是一大难题。今天试着剖析一下宾语从句，以下几方面仅供参考：
1.什么是宾语，为什么有的句子需要宾语？
宾语是谓语动词的承受者或者接收者，常用名词或者代词。
那为什么有的句子需要宾语呢？因为有些动词-（被称之为及物动词）需要宾语来表达完整的句子含义。比如：I like apples. 如果apples不存在，那也不知道喜欢啥，句意不明确。在来看不需要宾语的句子：I sleep . 这个句子就不需要宾语，动词就能把语义表达完整。
2. 宾语从句的实质：句子作宾语
- 如果是一个宾语的句子，宾语从句陈述句结构：主语+谓语+连词+句子。
- 如果是双宾语的句子，宾语从句的陈述句结构：主语+谓语+宾语1+连词+句子。
我们知道有简单句，并列句和复杂句，所以不只是简单句才能能作宾语哈，并列句和复杂句都可以作宾语。给孩子们讲解的时候，还是要根据孩子的水平来进行设计。
3. 直接引语转变为间接引语，要掌握三个方面：一，人称 ；二，时态；三，语序；
在小初阶段，宾语从句难理解的、常考的点是直接引语和间接引语的相互转变，接下来就从这个角度来剖析这个宾语从句。
一，人称：一随主，二随宾，三不变
1）一随主
直接引语： Tom says ,' I am hunry. '
间接引语：Tom says that he is hungry.
‘一随主’ 中的 ‘一’ 指的是直接引语中的 ‘I’ ，‘主’指的是直接引语中的Tom ; 所以在间接引语中我们能看到 I 变成了 he。
2）二随宾
直接引语： Tom says to his mom ,' You are hunry. '
间接引语：Tom says to his mom that she is hungry.
‘二随宾’ 中的 ‘二’ 指的是直接引语中的 ‘You’ ，‘宾’指的是直接引语中的his mom ; 所以在间接引语中我们能看到 You 变成了 she。
3) 三不变
直接引语： Tom says to his mom ,' Lily is hungry. '
间接引语：Tom says to his mom that Lily is hungry.
‘三不变’ 中的 ‘三’ 指的是直接引语中的 ‘Lily’ ; 所以在间接引语中我们能看到 Lily没变。
二，时态 - （主要来看小初必须要掌握的七个基础时态）1. 主句是现在时态或者将来时态，从句的时态是不变的。例子：He says,' I am hungry.' ---- He says that he is hungry.
2. 主句是过去时态
1）‘一般现在时态- am/is/are ’ 变为‘一般过去时态was/were' He said , ' I am hungry.' ---- He said that he was hungry.
‘一般现在时态- am/is/are ’ 变为‘一般过去时态was/were' He said, ' I eat an apple.' --- He said that I ate an apple.
2) '一般过去时态
was/were ' 变为 '过去完成时态 had been '
He said ,' I was hungry.' --- He said that I had been hungry. '
一般过去时态 did' 变为 '过去完成时态 had done '
He said, ' I ate an apple.' --- He said that he had eaten an apple.
3) '现在进行时态
am/is/are doing' 变为 '过去进行时态was/were doing'
He said ,' I am eating an apple.' --- He said that he was eating an apple.
4) '过去进行时态was/were doing' 变为 ' 过去进行时态
was/were doing'
He said ,' I was eating an apple.' --- He said that he was wating an apple.
5) '一般将来时态
will do / be' 变为 '过去将来时态 would do/be '
He said, ' I will eat an apple.' --- He said that he would eat an apple.
6) ' 现在完成时态 have/has done' 变为 '过去完成时态 had done'
He said ,' I have eaten an apple. ' --- He said that he had eaten an apple.
7) '过去完成时态 had done' 变为 '过去完成时态 had done '
He said ,' I had eaten an apple.' --- He said that he had eaten an apple.
三，语序 : 陈述语序 直接引语变间接引语本质是’转述‘。所以，要了解的一个实质内容是转述别人说的话，既可以是陈述句也可以是问句。因为人与人之间聊天无非就是问答吗。
1.转述陈述句 He said that .... (连词that 可以省略）
He said ,' I will eat an apple.' --- He said I would eat an apple.
2.转述问句 （这种转述要把人称，时态，语序三个因素都考虑进去）
1）转述一般疑问句 He asked if/whether ... or not . （连词if/whether 含义是否）
He asked Lily , ' Are you hungry ?' --- He asked Lily if she was hungry .
或者 He asked Lily whether she was hungry or not.
2)转述特殊疑问句
Can you tell me +特殊疑问词 ... ? / He asked + 特殊疑问词+ ....
例句1：Can you tell me where he lives？ --- where 是连词， he lives 为陈述语序。（原本的问句是 where does he live ? )
例句2：He asked ,' where does she live ?' --- He asked where she lived. 规则就写到这里吧，希望能够有所帮助！以下是100道题，在做题的时候，希望能把规则用起来。
1．（2024·四川成都·中考真题）—Do you know ________ AI is being used to create music?
—I’m not sure. Maybe it’s cheaper than paying a musician.
A．why B．if C．how
2．（2024·湖北武汉·中考真题）The saying “Knowledge starts with practice” tells us ________.
A．what is knowledge B．how we can get knowledge
C．why is practice powerful D．when we should start practicing
3．（2024·河北·中考真题）To know ________ the mountain top looks like, you need to reach it.
A．what B．when C．where D．which
4．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Could you tell me _________?
— He likes the Science Museum best.
A．when Kevin visited the museum B．which museum Kevin likes best
C．when did Kevin visit the museum D．which museum does Kevin like best
5．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future?
—I want to be a football player.
A．what will you do B．where will you go
C．what you will do D．where you will go
6．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）—Do you know ________ Dunhuang?
—Because the scenery there is so fascinating and the culture is so rich.
A．what they think of B．how to get to
C．why many people travel to D．where we can learn about
7．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—I wonder ________?
—I’m not sure. Let’s ask Miss Li for help.
A．which subject should we choose
B．what we can do with the rest materials
C．that Bob went to the library just now
8．（2024·广西·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________?
—In my hometown.
A．how you usually go to school
B．where you usually spend your holiday
C．when you usually have breakfast at school
9．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）With the development of the technology, nobody knows ________ the world will be like.
A．that B．what C．how
10．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Excuse me, could you please tell me ________?
—It’s on sale, only 45 yuan. Do you like it?
A．how much does the jacket cost B．how much the jacket costs
C．what was the price of the jacket D．whether the price of the jacket was high
11．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A．why B．which C．where D．what
12．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I just went back from Guangzhou. Can you guess __________?
—I suppose you took the high-speed train (高铁).
A．how did I get there B．when I got there C．how I got there
13．（2024·四川凉山·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______ people call these children “little oranges”?
—Because they wear cute orange clothing and oranges are famous in Guangxi.
A．how B．when C．why
14．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Can you tell me________?
—Sure. I usually give some books to a village library.
A．when World Book Day is B．when is World Book Day
C．how you celebrate World Book Day D．how do you celebrate World Book Day
15．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________?
—Sure. There’s a supermarket down the street.
A．where I can buy some vegetables B．how to get to the post office
C．when the band starts playing D．why he’s late for school again
16．（2024·吉林·中考真题）—Can you tell me _________?
—Sure. By taking notes and watching English films.
A．why we can learn English well
B．when we can learn English well
C．how we can learn English well
17．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
18．（2023·辽宁锦州·中考真题）—Amy, I wonder ________ in the street when I come to pick you up.
—Well, there’s a big tree with lovely flowers by the front gate at the moment.
A．who I can go with B．how I can find your house
C．why I can’t take the bus D．when I should arrive at your house
19．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）Ben believes he ________ a college student in 3 years.
A．becomes B．became C．will become D．has become
20．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）— Could you please tell me ________?
— It’s on the second floor.
A．why you were late B．where the restroom is
C．when the shop opensD．how the weather will be tomorrow