连词unless, as soon as, so...that等引导的状语从句

2025-04-30 13:08 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:4人

(1)unless:
意为“除非”,相当于if not,引导条件状语从句,如果主句是一般将来时态,从句则用一般现在时态。如:
①The sports meeting will continue unless it rains this afternoon.
除非下午下雨,不然运动会还将继续。
②He cannot turn himself into a person unless he can hide his tail.
他不能把自己变成人,除非他把尾巴藏起来。
③Unless it rains tomorrow, we will go hiking.
除非明天下雨,否则我们会去徒步。
=If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 
④You won’t pass the exam unless you study harder.除非你更努力学习,否则你考试不会及格。
⑤Unless you go, I won’t go.

(2)as soon as:
意为“一……就……”,相当于when,引导时间状语从句,如果主句是一般将来时态,从句则用一般现在时态。如:
①As soon as he sees bad people, he thinks of ways to fight them.
他一看到坏人,就想办法打他们。
②She will send us a message as soon as she gets to Sydney.
她一到悉尼就会给我们发信息。
③ I’ll call you as soon as I arrive home.(我一到家就给你打电话。)
→ (主将从现)
④ She started crying as soon as she heard the news.
(她一听到消息就哭了。)
→ (主句和从句均用过去时)

(3)so...… that……:
意为“如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句,so后面接形容词或者副词,that后面接句子。如:
①That bird's song is so beautiful that we should follow it.那只鸟的歌曲是如此优美以至于我们应该跟着它。
②Sometimes he makes the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候他把棍子变得如此的小以至于他能把它放在耳朵里。
【基本结构】
1)So + 形容词/副词 + that。如:
He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.
他跑得如此快,以至于没人能追上他。
2)So + 形容词 + a (n) + 单数可数名词 + that。如:
It is so interesting a book that I can't put it down.
这是一本如此有趣的书,以至于我爱不释手。
3)So + many/few + 复数可数名词 + that。如:
There are so many people in the concert that it's crowded.音乐会上有如此多的人,以至于很拥挤。
4)So + much/little (少的) + 不可数名词 + that。如:“There is so much milk in the fridge that we don't need to buy more.
冰箱里有如此多的牛奶,以至于我们不需要再买。
【注意】
1)主谓一致:
在 "so... that" 和 "such... that" 引导的从句中,从句的主谓一致要根据从句的主语来确定,不受主句影响。
2)倒装:
当 "so + 形容词 / 副词" 或 "such + 名词" 置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装,即把助动词、be 动词或情态动词提到主语之前。
①So fast did he run that he won the race.
他跑得如此之快,以至于赢得了比赛。
②So kind is she that people like her very much.
她非常善良,以至于人们很喜欢她。
③Such a beautiful girl is she that everyone likes her. 她如此美丽,以至于每个人都喜欢她。
④Such was her beauty that everyone stared. 她的美丽是如此出众,以至于每个人都盯着她看。

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