中考英语100个常考固定短语 (题型专项+真题例题)

2025-12-31 12:25 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:2人

一、 单项选择题专项

30个核心短语+真题例题)

核心考查:词义辨析、固定搭配、语境适配

 

1. look up(查阅;向上看)

真题:If you don’t know the word, you can ___ it ___ in the dictionary. (2024 江苏)

A. look; up  B. look; for  C. look; after

答案:A  解析:语境表查阅单词,对应look uplook for表寻找,look after表照顾,均不符。

 

2. put off(推迟)

真题:The sports meeting was ___ because of the heavy rain yesterday. (2023 北京)

A. put on  B. put off  C. put away

答案:B  解析:大雨导致运动会推迟put on穿/上演,put away收拾,排除AC

 

3. give up(放弃)

真题:Never ___ learning English, it’s very useful for our future. (2025 山东)

A. give up  B. give out  C. give in

答案:A  解析:句意表永不放弃学英语give out分发,give in屈服,不符语境。

 

4. turn on(打开)

真题:Could you please ___ the light? It’s too dark in the room. (2025 广东)

A. turn on  B. turn off  C. turn down

答案:A  解析:房间暗需要打开灯,turn off关闭,turn down调小,对应选A

 

5. take off(起飞;脱下)

真题:The plane will ___ in 10 minutes, please hurry to the boarding gate. (2023 辽宁)

A. take off  B. take part in  C. take care of

答案:A  解析:飞机起飞take offtake part in参加,take care of照顾,排除BC

 

6. at least(至少)

真题:You should read English for ___ 30 minutes every day to improve your reading skills. (2024 浙江)

A. at first  B. at least  C. at last

答案:B  解析:表至少30分钟at first起初,at last最后,均不符合句意。

 

7. on time(准时)

真题:It’s important for students to get to school ___ every day. (2023 四川)

A. on time  B. in time  C. on foot

答案:A  解析:准时到校on timein time及时,on foot步行,对应选A

 

8. instead of(代替;而不是)

真题:She chose to walk to school ___ taking the bus this morning. (2024 湖北)

A. instead of  B. because of  C. thanks to

答案:A  解析:表步行代替坐公交because of因为,thanks to多亏,不符语境。

 

9. either…or…(或者或者

真题:You can ___ stay at home ___ go to the park with us this weekend. (2025 河南)

A. not only; but also  B. either; or  C. neither; nor

答案:B  解析:表两种选择,not only…but also不仅而且,neither…nor既不也不,选B

 

10. keep away from(远离)

真题:We should ___ dangerous things when we are alone at home. (2024 河北)

A. keep away from  B. look forward to  C. make up for

答案:A  解析:句意表远离危险物品look forward to期待,make up for弥补,排除。

其余高频短语(均为单选常考):look forput onturn offtake care ofask forcall upcut downdress upget ready forgo outhold onleave forlook outat onceby the wayfor sureas well aseven ifneither…nor…

 

二、 完形填空专项

25个核心短语+真题例题)

核心考查:语境适配、同义替换、上下文逻辑

 

1. deal with(处理;应对)

真题:When we meet difficulties in study, we should learn how to ___ them bravely. (2025 上海)

A. deal with  B. look for  C. put off

答案:A  解析:上下文表勇敢应对困难deal with贴合语境,look for寻找、put off推迟均不符。

 

2. come up with(想出;提出)

真题:Tom is very clever, he always ___ good ideas when we are in trouble. (2024 安徽)

A. comes up with  B. gets on with  C. looks after

答案:A  解析:表想出好主意get on with相处,look after照顾,对应选A

 

3. run out of(用完;耗尽)

真题:We have ___ the water, so we need to buy some in the supermarket nearby. (2023 湖南)

A. run out of  B. taken care of  C. looked forward to

答案:A  解析:后文买水提示水用完了run out of符合语义。

 

4. make up(编造;组成)

真题:Don’t ___ stories to cheat your teacher, it’s not honest. (2024 山西)

A. make up  B. take up  C. put up

答案:A  解析:表编造谎言take up占据,put up张贴,均不符合句意。

 

5. because of(由于;因为)

真题:He was late for class ___ the heavy traffic this morning. (2025 重庆)

A. because  B. because of  C. so that

答案:B  解析:后接名词短语heavy traffic,用because ofbecause接句子,so that表目的,排除。

 

6. depend on(依靠;依赖)

真题:We shouldn’t ___ our parents too much, we should learn to be independent. (2023 云南)

A. depend on  B. look down on  C. laugh at

答案:A  解析:后文学会独立提示不依赖父母depend on贴合语境。

 

7. find out(查明;找出)

真题:The police tried their best to ___ the truth of the accident last week. (2024 黑龙江)

A. find out  B. fall asleep  C. clean up

答案:A  解析:表查明事故真相fall asleep入睡,clean up打扫,均不符。

 

8. out of breath(上气不接下气)

真题:He ran so fast to catch the bus that he was ___ when he got on it. (2025 广西)

A. out of breath  B. out of order  C. in time

答案:A  解析:跑得太快导致上气不接下气out of order出故障,in time及时,排除。

其余高频短语(均为完形常考):look aftertake placegive output awayget on withdie downfall asleeplook throughout of orderas soon asso thatsuch asup tomake a decisiontake pride inbe proud ofin caseclean up

 

三、 书面表达专项

25个核心短语+真题例题)

核心考查:地道运用、句式拓展、逻辑衔接

(例句均为书面表达高分句)
 

1. look forward to(期待;盼望)

真题语境(2024 中考书面表达:邀请笔友来中国):I am really looking forward to your coming to China this summer holiday.

解析:用于结尾表期待,是邀请类、书信类写作高频加分短语。

 

2. take part in(参加)

真题语境(2025 中考书面表达:我的校园生活):I often take part in English corner to practice my spoken English on weekends.

解析:描述活动参与,适用校园生活、兴趣爱好类写作。

 

3. pay attention to(注意;关注)

真题语境(2023 中考书面表达:给学弟学妹的学习建议):You should pay attention to your spelling, it can help you get high scores.

解析:提建议必备短语,贴合学习、生活类写作场景。

 

4. thanks to(多亏;由于)

真题语境(2024 中考书面表达:一次难忘的经历):Thanks to my teacher’s help, I finally passed the difficult math exam.

解析:表原因,比because更高级,提升写作表达质感。

 

5. as long as(只要)

真题语境(2025 中考书面表达:坚持就是胜利):As long as we keep working hard, we will achieve our dreams sooner or later.

解析:表条件,用于观点类写作,增强句式逻辑性。

 

6. in order to(为了)

真题语境(2023 中考书面表达:我的梦想):I study hard every day in order to enter my ideal high school next year.

解析:表目的,简洁实用,适配各类写作的目的表达。

 

7. not only…but also…(不仅而且

真题语境(2024 中考书面表达:介绍我的朋友):My best friend not only studies well, but also is ready to help others.

解析:并列句式拓展,让句子更丰富,是高分写作常用结构。

 

8. make progress(取得进步)

真题语境(2025 中考书面表达:给父母的一封信):I have made great progress in English with the help of my English teacher.

解析:用于汇报学习情况,贴合书信类、成长类写作。

其余高频短语(均为写作加分项):take care ofget on withgrow upkeep onlearn fromin factin troubleever sincetoo…to…so…that…to be honestmake surehave a good timefall behindlaugh atfrom now on

 

四、 阅读理解专项

15个核心短语+真题例题)

核心考查:篇章语义理解、语境推测、逻辑关系


1. go by(时间流逝;经过)

真题原句(2024 浙江阅读):As time goes by, the little boy has grown into a tall young man.

解析:在篇章中表时间推移,结合上下文可推测短语含义为“流逝”。

 

 2. at last(最后;终于)

真题原句(2025 山东阅读):They tried many ways to solve the problem, and at last, they succeeded in the end.

解析:表最终结果,与后文in the end同义,可通过同义替换理解词义。

 

3. for example(例如)

真题原句(2023 江苏阅读):Many fruits are good for our health, for example, apples, bananas and grapes.

解析:表举例,后文列举内容是对前文的解释,帮助理解前文观点。

 

 4. according to(根据;按照)

真题原句(2024 北京阅读):According to the survey, most students spend one hour on sports every day.

解析:表依据,后文内容为调查结果,是篇章中观点的支撑依据。

 

5. on the other hand(另一方面)

真题原句(2025 四川阅读):Traveling is interesting, on the other hand, it will cost us a lot of money and time.

解析:表转折逻辑,连接前后相反的观点,帮助梳理篇章逻辑。

其余高频短语(均为阅读高频考点):hand outget along withat firstin front ofin timetake it easyhurry upjoin intake a breakget away from


五、 情景交际专项

5个核心短语+真题例题)

核心考查:口语场景适配、日常应用

1. hold on(等一下;坚持)

真题对话(2025 广东):— Could I speak to Li Ming? — ___ , please. He is coming soon.

答案:Hold on  解析:电话场景用语,表“请稍等”,是高频口语表达。


2. take it easy(别紧张;放松)

真题对话(2024 河南):— I’m so nervous about the English speech contest. — ___ , you will do well.

答案:Take it easy  解析:安慰场景用语,用于缓解他人紧张情绪。


3. turn off(关闭)

真题对话(2023 湖北):— It’s time to go to bed. Please ___ the TV. — OK, mom.

答案:turn off  解析:日常场景,表“关闭电器”,贴合居家生活对话。


4. take care(小心;保重)

真题对话(2024 天津):— I will go back to my hometown tomorrow. — ___ on your way.

答案:Take care  解析:送别场景,表“保重、小心”,是日常交际常用语。


5. by the way(顺便说一下)

真题对话(2025 福建):— I will go to the library this afternoon. — ___ , could you borrow a book for me?

答案:By the way  解析:用于转换话题、顺带提请求,是口语衔接常用短语。

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