英语语法:主谓一致原则

2024-04-28 03:46 来源: 文化之窗 本文影响了:63人

一、如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词

用单数.

Smoking  is  not  a  good  habit.

To live happily needs a lot of things.

What I said is true.


二、both,few,a   few,several,many以及others  做主语的时候,

永远用复数动词.

Several   friends  were  invited  to  the  party.

Both  books  are  sold  out.


三、如果由and 连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物

的时候,用单数动词.

The singer and songwriter is dead.

The science and technology plays an important part inChina.

Bread and butter(=buttered bread)is a good food forpatients.

“War and Peace”is the best book I have ever read.

如果由and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each,every,manya/an,no    的时候用单数名词.

Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.

Each minute and second is valuable to us.


四 、主语是单数,后面跟有with,along  with,together with,besides,as well  as,but,except,no  less than,rather than,

more  than,like,including,in  addition  to 的时候,谓语动词用单数 .

Jack with his family wants to go to China.

He,as well as you,is very honest.

No one but I is a student.

Her  brother,together  with  his  wife  and  children,was

killed in the accident.

The father,rather than the brothers,is responsible.


五、both,few,a    few,several,many以及others   做主语的时候,永远用复数动词.

Several friends were invited to the party.

Both books are sold out.


六、all,none,any,some,more  和most  要是修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数;若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.

Most of the apple is bad.

Most of the apples are bad.

None of this money is yours.

None of the people here are teachers.


七、由or 连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.

You or he is wrong.

Are you or he wrong?

由either…or,neither…nor,not only….but also连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.

Either he or you have to tell the truth.

Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.

Not only the basketball players but also the coach was  very nervous.


八、若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”,“一笔钱”,“一段距离”,“一个数量”,“一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词.

Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.

Five thousand dollars is too much.

Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.


九、people   (人民),police,cattle       (牛群)等常用复数动词.有一些集体名词,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词,如果表示的是其中的个体就

用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family,class,audience,public,team等等.

His family are all singers.

His family is very large.


十、关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,谓语动词与先行词一致。

Those who want to go please sign their names here.


十 一、一些名词只有复数形式,如clothes,scissors,trousers,shorts,scales 等,作主语时谓语用复数形式The scales 天平are mine.

但是成双的东西前面有a  pair  of 要用单数。

This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.


十二、如果主语由“a    kind    of(a    series    of) 构成, 谓语一般用单数形式。

This kind of men is dangerous.

如果是多种,谓语动词要用复数。

There are many kinds of apples.


十三、算术式通常用单数。


十四、ics  结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。


十五、书名,剧名,报纸名,国名的复数名词作主语,谓语动词用

单数。

The united states is a capitalist country.

“The Arabian Nights”is a very interesting story-book.


十六、“the  + 形容词(分词)“指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词用单数。

The English speak English.

The new always beats the old.


十七、who,what,which,all,more,most some,any,none,half,the        rest,the         remainder 等作主语要看各自的情况。


十八、 one   and   a   half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。

One and a half bananas is left on the table.

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