1、 句子构成
句子=主干部分+修饰部分
=主+谓+…
=主+助+实+…
2、 三种语序
正常/陈述语序=主+谓…
全倒装=谓+主
半倒装=助+主+实
一、（完）全倒装
形式：表示方位地点的副词（短语）放句首时，句子用全倒装。
Here comes the bus
By the table sits a foreign boy
In my heart lives nobody but you
注意：主语是代词时不能倒装
Here you are.
Here comes tom.
记忆口诀：这里那里最常见here，there。
现在那里因此用now，then，thus
上下里面方够up，down，in，out
碰到代词不倒装
二、半倒装
（一）否定词放句首
1、否定词：
一个 nowhere
一个 never
两个很少 seldom，scarcely
两个几乎不 hardly，rarely
两个几乎没有 few，little
一堆“绝不”短语à三词短语，中间是no就是“绝不”短语
如：no no account，in no way，by no means，at no time。
2、三大提分句型
（1） hardly had+主+done+when+主+did…
no sooner…than…
注意：1、这是固定搭配2、中间为过去完成时后面为一般过去时
3、语序一半倒装
Hardly+半倒装+when+陈述句
Hardly had he got out of the court when the reporters raised a
lot of…
(2) not only…（半倒装）but also…（正常）。前倒后不2倒
Not only can tom sing so well，but all his family are excellent singers.
（3）not until…不倒，…倒装。前不倒后倒
Not until I came home last night，did mom go to bed.
àmom did not go to bed until I came home
（二）“only+状语”放句首
“只有…才”
Only in this way can you achieve great success in the the future
Only by doing some down-to-earth work shall we solve all the problem
（三）“so…that”和“such…that“
结构：so+ adj/adv+半倒装+that…
Such + 名词短语+半倒装+that…
So fast does he run that we can‘t catch up with him.
Such fine weather is it that we are going to for a picnic.
名词短语：a/an+ adj +c
Adj+ cs/vs
So+ adj +a/an +c +that
So+ many/few +cs +that
So+ much/little +vc+that
（四）虚拟语气的半倒装
Were/had/should 的省略倒装（详见请看上篇虚拟语气）
（五）“尽管倒装”-though/as倒装
Although、though、as
结构：n/adj/v/adv + ad/though +正常语序
注意：
①as位于第二位
②as 前n词可以有adj，但不能有冠词
As you are a beautiful girl，…
Beautiful girl as you are，…
③although 不能倒，as必须倒，though可倒可不倒
做题技巧空前是n/adj/v/adv，空后是正常语序，中是就选as
Although he is young，he has written many popular books.
Little boy as he is, he has written many popular book.名词提前，adj随之提前。
Try as he might，he failed in the race.动词提前
Fast as he run，he failed in the race.副词提前
（六）两倒一不倒
“两倒”：前后两句话说的是两件事，有两个主语，要用倒装
“一不倒”：前后两句话说的同一个主语，同一件事情，不倒装
A likes English，so does B。两个人
A doesn’t like English, neither/nor does B.两个人
A likes English，so he does.一个人he指代A
We don’t need heating system, nor can we afford it.
David has made great progress recently. so he has, so have you