第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman plan to do?
A. Buy a T-shirt. B. Earn some money. C. Collect plastic waste.
2. Where does the man suggest the woman swim?
A. In the deep end. B. In the middle. C. In the shallow end.
3. What is mainly talked about in the conversation?
A. A student. B. A project. C. An article.
4. How will the speakers probably get to the city?
A. By bus. B. By subway. C. By car.
5. What does the woman tell the man about dark chocolate?
A. The best time to eat it.
B. The benefits of eating it.
C. The side effects of overeating it.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What does the woman probably think of her last haircut?
A. It is too long. B. It is too short. C. It is too thin.
7. When will the woman probably get another haircut?
A. In one week. B. In two weeks. C. In one month.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Which country will be the man’s second destination in Europe?
A. Russia. B. France. C. Germany.
9. Why is the man going to Africa?
A. To watch birds.
B. To photograph lions.
C. To observe elephants.
10. How many continents is the man traveling to?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Where are the speakers?
A. In a shop. B. On a mountain. C. On a beach.
12. What does the man want to do?
A. Have a meal. B. Go-somewhere safe. C. Buy some sandwiches.
13. What erupted in the end?
A. The water. B. The Coke. C. The volcano.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Star and fan. C. Mother and son.
15. What’s the purpose of the trip?
A. To take a break. B. To attend a concert. C. To learn through practice.
16. What does Matt usually do on Thursday evening?
A. He practices the violin.
B. He takes extra math classes.
C. He goes out with his parents.
17. What will Mrs. Brown do next?
A. Make a phone call.
B. Finish up her work.
C. Sign the travel form.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What are the listeners going to do today?
A. Remove the weeds.
B. Help the farmers.
C. Plant some trees.
19. What did the Green Fingers Garden Center provide?
A. Free land. B. Cheap plants. C. Cash donations.
20. What can the listeners find on their seats?
A. Maps. B. Tools. C. Instructions.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Future of Clean Energy in Homes
Heating, cooling, and powering homes contribute significantly to global CO₂ emissions. As nations strive to reduce their carbon footprints, residential energy use — responsible for nearly 20% of energy-related emissions — poses unique challenges. Below is the 2022 breakdown of household emissions by source.
ELECTRICITY 52%
HEATING 28%
COOLING 12%
APPLIANCES 6%
LIGHTING 2%
Clean energy solutions for homes must be affordable, efficient, and adaptable to diverse climates. While technologies vary, here are key innovations driving the shift toward sustainability.
HEAT PUMPS — Efficient Heating/Cooling
Replacing gas boilers, electric heat pumps transfer warmth from air or ground, cutting heating emissions by 50%. Hybrid models, hopefully, might be able to work in sub-zero temperatures in the near future.
SMART GRIDS (电网) — Dynamic Electricity Management
AI-powered grids optimize energy use, storing surplus solar power during peak hours and reducing reliance on fossil-fuel backups.
SOLAR PANELS — Rooftop Revolution
Solar energy is the most accessible renewable source for households. Advances in photovoltaic cells have cut costs by 80% since 2010, making them viable in numerous regions.
WIND TURBINES — Community Microgrids
Small-scale turbines (涡轮机) in windy areas can power neighborhoods, though land use debates persist. “The scale of this transition is staggering,” says Dr. Elena Torres, a climate scientist at MIT. Residential renewables like solar and heat pumps could meet 90% of global household demand by 2050 — but only if investments triple within this decade. Recent studies show that every $1 invested in green homes today saves $5 in future climate adaptation costs. This isn’t just an environmental imperative; it’s economically inevitable.
1. Which two categories combined account for over three-quarters of total household emissions?
A. Electricity and Heating. B. Heating and Cooling.
C. Appliances and Lighting. D. Cooling and Appliances.
2. Which technology is highlighted as cost-effective for diverse climates?
A. Heat pumps. B. Smart grids. C. Solar panels. D. Wind turbines.
3. What does Dr. Torres emphasize about the energy transition?
A. The dominance of gas boilers. B. The increase in solar efficiency.
C. The need for higher investment. D. The breakthrough in heat pump technology.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C
B
On the third day of school, my teacher’s claim that no one would score above 90% shook my confidence. This anxiety was intensified at home, where my father voiced his concerns over my way to a necessity for a celebrated university.
The final catalyst for my breakdown was an unexpected rejection from the Regional Red Cross Youth Council. The Red Cross was my passion and what I relied on to set me apart from other applicants. This rejection made my future seem hopeless, and I broke like a rubber band stretched beyond its limit.
I found my mother, the woman who had sacrificed her own career and life for my opportunities, and poured out my fears. She listened attentively before drawing a circle on the tablecloth. “This is your time,” she began. “Eighty percent is schoolwork, and twenty percent extracurriculars.” She then looked at me with deep emotion and said, “But most importantly, at one hundred percent, is your mental health.”
“Nothing is more important than your health,” she continued. “We want you to have a good job so you’ll be less stressed. If this path makes you so unhappy, it isn’t worth it. If you’re happier selling ice-cream, so be it.”
Her insight was a big relief. I realized a rubber band doesn’t have to keep stretching. A rubber band that wraps around your hair during the day and is allowed to rest at night won’t ever break.
My routine remained the same — studying hard and pursuing excellence. The fear of failure lost its power. I am still reaching for the moon, but I am no longer afraid. For I know that if I miss, I will land right in my mother’s arms.
4. What does the underlined word “catalyst” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Foundation. B. Solution.
C. Symbol. D. Cause.
5. What does the mother attach most importance to?
A. The author’s overall well-being.
B. The sacrifice for her daughter.
C. The score of the author’s exam.
D. The author’s devotion to schoolwork.
6. Why does the author mention “rubber band”?
A. To show a shift in the author’s view on pressure.
B. To express a conflict with her mother about goals.
C. To illustrate a bond between the author and her mother.
D. To explain a link to the author’s academic performance.
7. What’s the author’s attitude towards her future?
A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic.
C. Indifferent. D. Pessimistic.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. B
C
The human mind is deeply influenced by the collective (集体的). This phenomenon, termed herd mentality, describes the tendency of individuals to adopt the behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes of the groups to which they belong. It shapes our thoughts and decisions, often without conscious awareness. From social media trends to consumer behavior patterns, herd mentality affects how we think and act. But are we truly independent thinkers, or are we simply following the crowd?
Herd mentality has evolutionary roots. For early humans, survival depended on group cohesion (凝聚力).
Those who stayed with the tribe enjoyed protection and access to resources, while loners faced threats alone. Over generations, this adaptive behavior became a natural part of life. Today, although the physical dangers of being alone have decreased, the psychological pull of the group remains powerful.
Human beings are naturally social creatures, driven by a fundamental need for acceptance and a sense of belonging. Our identities are often tied to the groups we belong to, and the fear of rejection drives us to conform, even at the cost of our personal beliefs. This group pressure is strengthened by cognitive biases (认知偏见) that twist judgment. The herd mentality leads individuals to trust the majority opinion without critically evaluating it, while repeated exposure to the same information can make it seem more believable. Social media intensifies these biases by promoting popular content over truth, creating echo chambers that support existing beliefs rather than challenge them.
In certain circumstances, herd mentality can have positive effects, particularly in situations where individuals have limited information or expertise. Following the majority can lead to better outcomes, as the collective knowledge of the group surpasses that of any single person. However, excessive herd mentality poses risks, including suppressing independent thought, harming creativity, and facilitating the spread of misinformation. Therefore, developing critical thinking — questioning assumptions, evaluating sources, and exploring diverse perspectives — is essential for both personal independence and collective progress.
8. Which behavior best demonstrates herd mentality?
A. Supporting group opinions to fit in with others.
B. Improving a solution with individual creativity.
C. Selecting a career based on family expectations.
D. Accepting expert advice in complicated situations.
9. Why did early humans develop herd mentality?
A. To enhance their social status.
B. To meet their emotional needs.
C. To strengthen their hunting skills.
D. To increase their chances of survival.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The link between group pressure and self-identity.
B. The effect of herd mentality on human minds.
C. The factors contributing to herd mentality.
D. The role of social media in shaping personal beliefs.
11. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. Herd mentality is inevitable in highly connected societies.
B. It is important to maintain critical thinking in a trend-following society.
C. Misinformation can lead individuals to rely on collective opinions.
D. True independence is achieved by rejecting diverse perspectives.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B
D
For centuries, people thought that fish did not feel pain or emotions. Now research has shown that fish not only have feelings but can also sense one another’s moods.
When a human understands and shares the feelings of another person, this is called empathy. Scientists have found that a chemical in the brain called oxytocin is involved in our ability to connect with others in this way. A basic form of empathy, known as emotional contagion, happens when an individual sees someone else displaying an emotion (such as happiness or fear) and reacts by displaying the same type of behavior.
An international team of researchers tested zebrafish with a series of experiments. First, they placed the fish in two separate tanks and gave one group a substance that caused them to act fearful — either freezing or swimming irregularly. Even though the fish in the nearby tank had not touched the substance, they also began to freeze in fear. “They respond to other individuals being frightened... just like us.” Ibukun Akinrinade, a co-author of the study, told the Associated Press.
The scientists tried the experiment with fish that had been modified so their brains would not produce oxytocin. These fish were much less likely to act anxious when they saw other fish showing fear. If researchers gave them an injection of oxytocin, their ability to empathize returned.
Finally, researchers played videos of fearful fish on one side of the tank and relaxed fish on the other side. Normal fish moved closer to the side that showed the fearful fish, which might have been an attempt to comfort them. The modified fish did not move toward either side.
Looking at the normal fish’s brains, researchers saw activity in a region similar to the one humans and other mammals use when empathizing with others. This could mean that the ability to have empathy developed more than 350 million years ago, when fish and mammals shared a common ancestor. Next, researchers want to study whether fish also transfer positive emotions to one another.
12 The phrase “emotional contagion” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.
A. the ability to control one’s own emotions when others are emotional
B. the process of sharing and reflecting others’ emotions unconsciously
C. the tendency to hide one’s true feelings to avoid affecting others
D. the capacity to understand the root cause of others’ emotions
13. What is Ibukun Akinrinade’s view on fish empathy?
A. Fish empathy is limited to negative emotions like fear.
B. Zebrafish are the only fish species capable of empathy.
C. Fish empathy is stronger than that of humans and mammals.
D. The emotional response of fish is comparable to that of humans.
14. What did the researchers find about the modified zebrafish?
A. They could still sense fear in other fish without oxytocin.
B. They showed increased anxiety when injected with oxytocin.
C. They failed to respond to videos of either fearful or relaxed fish.
D. They moved closer to fearful fish to comfort them intentionally.
15. What can be the best title of the text?
A. More Than Feelings: How Fish Share Emotions
B. From Fear to Comfort: The Social Lives of Fish
C. The Ancient Roots of Empathy: Evidence from Fish
D. A New Discovery: The Emotional World of Zebrafish
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
