第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A
London is one of the most popular sites in the world for tourists to visit. If you are planning a trip to London in the future, you’re lucky. There are a variety of attractions for you to enjoy.
The Tower of London
One of the most popular tourist attractions in London is the Tower of London. Founded more than 900 years ago, the Tower of London is one of the world’s most famous towers and has changed a lot. Here, you can also find the seven ravens (乌鸦) which live in the Tower. There is a story that says: If there are no ravens in the Tower, the Tower and the kingdom will fall. There are also lots of tours, exhibits and special events that you can enjoy throughout the year.
Westminster Abbey
Another popular place to visit is Westminster Abbey. It was set up in 1065 by Edward the Confessor. Visitors to Westminster Abbey can enjoy its beautiful special Gothic architecture. There are also lots of memorials of Kings and Queens to enjoy. Excellent transportation is available here by bus or subway from many locations in London.
Buckingham Palace
Buckingham Palace is another place with a rich history to discover. It’s the official London residence of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ. During August and September, you can visit the State Rooms and see the Changing of the Guards. The Queen’s Gallery is open to the public daily. Checking the official timetable before you make sure to visit the Palace is a must, because it is not open all year round.
Hyde Park
If you’re expecting to enjoy one of London’s most beautiful landscapes, Hyde Park is the place for you. There are many activities available here to enjoy, including guided walking tours, swimming, tennis, and horse riding. In addition, many concerts are performed in Hyde Park. There’s also a playground available for the kids.
1. According to the passage, which of the following is true about the Tower of London?
A. The ravens were recently introduced to the Tower.
B. The Tower of London is the most popular attraction in London.
C. The Tower of London has changed a lot as the world’s most famous tower.
D. There are lots of tours, exhibits and special events in the Tower besides the ravens.
2. What do Westminster Abbey and Buckingham Palace have in common?
A. They are both official residences of the royal family.
B. Visitors must check the official timetable before visiting both.
C. They are both closely connected with the history of the royal family.
D. You can go to both places either by bus or by subway.
3. If you take a strong interest in music, which place you would like to go?
A. Hyde Park. B. Buckingham Palace.
C. Westminster Abbey. D. The Tower of London.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦几个著名的旅游景点，包括伦敦塔、威斯敏斯特教堂、白金汉宫和海德公园，以及这些景点的特色和游览建议。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Tower of London”部分中“Here, you can also find the seven ravens which live in the Tower.(在这里，你还可以找到住在塔里的七只乌鸦)”和“There are also lots of tours, exhibits and special events that you can enjoy throughout the year.(这里还有很多旅行、展览和特殊活动，你可以全年享受)”可知，伦敦塔除了有乌鸦，还有很多旅行、展览和特殊活动。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Westminster Abbey”部分中“Another popular place to visit is Westminster Abbey. It was set up in 1065 by Edward the Confessor. Visitors to Westminster Abbey can enjoy its beautiful special Gothic architecture. There are also lots of memorials of Kings and Queens to enjoy.(另一个受欢迎的游览地点是威斯敏斯特教堂。它是由忏悔者爱德华于1065年建立的。参观威斯敏斯特教堂的游客可以欣赏其独特的美丽哥特式建筑。还有很多国王和王后的纪念碑可供欣赏)”和“Buckingham Palace”部分中“Buckingham Palace is another place with a rich history to discover. It’s the official London residence of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ.(白金汉宫是另一个有着丰富历史可供发现的地方。它是伊丽莎白二世女王的伦敦官方住所)”可知，威斯敏斯特教堂和白金汉宫的共同之处是都与王室的历史紧密相连。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hyde Park”部分中“In addition, many concerts are performed in Hyde Park.(此外，许多音乐会在海德公园举行)”可知，如果对音乐有浓厚兴趣，可以选择去海德公园。故选A项。
B
When an earthquake struck a small town, many houses fell down and some people became homeless overnight. After the earthquake, all the newspapers reported many stories about some of the families who were in trouble.
One Sunday, when I was reading a newspaper, some special pictures caught my eye and touched me deeply. They gave the detailed clothing sizes of each family member of those who suffered most from the earthquake and also what they were in desperate need of. I figured that this would be a good chance to teach my kids to help those who were less fortunate than themselves.
Therefore, I said to my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Brett, and three-year-old Meghan, “We have so much, but these poor people now hardly have anything. Let’s do something for them. Well share what we have with them.” Then I took out a large box and filled it with large quantities of foods and also some clothes that we might not wear any longer. While I was doing this, I encouraged the boys to choose their toys and donate some of their less favorite things.
Meghan watched quietly as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together. Then she walked away. A few minutes later, she came back with Lucy, the doll she cherished most, who kept her company every night when she was sleeping. She placed the doll on top of the other toys. “Oh, dear,” I said. “You don’t have to give away Lucy. You love her so much.” Meghan said, Lucy makes me happy, Mommy. Maybe she’ll make another little girl happy as well.”
I looked at Meghan for a long moment and it never occurred to me that she would be so kind to donate Lucy to others. It was then that I realized my daughter had taught me an important lesson. It’s easy to give up something that we don’t want any more, but harder to give what we love very much, isn’t it?
4. Why did the mother determine to help the families affected by the earthquake?
A. Because she saw a news report on TV about the earthquake.
B. Because she knew one of the families who lost their home.
C. Because her sons and daughter asked her if they could help.
D. Because she was touched by some pictures and information in a newspaper.
5. What did Meghan donate to the victims?
A. Some of her old toys and games. B. Her favorite doll, Lucy.
C. Some of her clothes and food. D. Her twin brothers’ less favorite things.
6. In Paragraph 4, the underlined word “cherished” can be best replaced by .
A. left behind B. treasured C. gave up D. disliked
7. Which of the following is the best title for the story?
A. The Importance of Donating B. A Terrible Earthquake
C. The Importance of Sharing D. A Valuable Lesson from My Daughter
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在看到地震灾区家庭的困境后，决定教育孩子们分享和帮助他人，最终被小女儿无私捐赠心爱玩偶的行为所感动和教育的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“One Sunday, when I was reading a newspaper, some special pictures caught my eye and touched me deeply. They gave the detailed clothing sizes of each family member of those who suffered most from the earthquake and also what they were in desperate need of. I figured that this would be a good chance to teach my kids to help those who were less fortunate than themselves.(一个星期天，当我在看报纸时，一些特别的照片吸引了我的目光，深深地打动了我。他们给出了受地震影响最严重的每个家庭成员的详细服装尺寸，以及他们迫切需要的东西。我想这是一个教育我的孩子去帮助那些比他们不幸的人的好机会)”可知，这位母亲是因为被报纸上的一些图片和信息所感动，所以决定帮助受地震影响的家庭。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Meghan watched quietly as the boys took out their old toys and games and put them together. Then she walked away. A few minutes later, she came back with Lucy, the doll she cherished most, who kept her company every night when she was sleeping. She placed the doll on top of the other toys.(梅根静静地看着男孩们拿出他们的旧玩具和游戏，把它们放在一起。然后她走开了。几分钟后，她带着她最珍爱的玩偶露西回来了，每晚睡觉时露西都陪着她。她把娃娃放在其他玩具上面)”可知，Meghan捐赠了她最喜欢的玩偶露西给受害者。故选B项。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“A few minutes later, she came back with Lucy, the doll she cherished most, who kept her company every night when she was sleeping(几分钟后，她带着她最cherished玩偶露西回来了，它每晚睡觉时都陪着她)”可知，这个玩偶每晚都陪着梅根，由此可知，玩偶露西很重要，她很珍爱这个玩偶，故划线词cherished意思是“珍爱”，与B项“treasured”意思一致。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“It was then that I realized my daughter had taught me an important lesson. It’s easy to give up something that we don’t want any more, but harder to give what we love very much, isn’t it?(就在那时，我意识到我的女儿给我上了重要的一课。放弃我们不再想要的东西很容易，但放弃我们非常爱的东西却很难，不是吗？)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者在看到地震灾区家庭的困境后，决定教育孩子们分享和帮助他人，最终被小女儿无私捐赠心爱玩偶的行为所感动和教育的故事。可知，D选项“从我女儿那里学到的重要一课”最适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
C
When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied. “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.” But this kind of response makes me fail to understand the true meaning of accents.
Usually, what we mean when we say someone “has an accent” is that their accent is different from the local one, or that pronunciations are different from our own. But this explanation of accents is narrow and could give rise to misunderstanding. Funnily enough, as far as the language study is concerned, every person speaks with an accent. It is the regular differences in how we produce sounds that shape our accents. Even if you don’t hear it yourself, you speak with some sort of accent. In this sense, it’s meaningless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do!
Every person speaks a dialect (方言), too. In the field of language study, a dialect refers to a language that is characterized by its changes of structure, phrases and words. For example, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar. Why should it be wrong just because it’s different?
We need to move beyond a narrow explanation of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone. Language differences like these provide deep understandings into people’s cultural experiences and backgrounds. In a global age, the way one speaks is clearly a part of who he is. Most people would be happy to talk about the cultures behind their speech. We’d learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.
8. What can be inferred about the author’s opinion towards people who say they speak “perfect English”?
A. They are right to be proud of their language skills.
B. They are most likely language teachers.
C. They should try harder to copy the local accent.
D. They may misunderstand the nature of accents.
9. According to the article, the Singapore English expression “You got eat or not?” is:
A. Grammatically well-formed within its own system.
B. Considered incorrect by its speakers.
C. Directly borrowed from American English.
D. Confusing to all native English speakers.
10. How does the author develop his idea in Paragraph 3?
A. Following time order. B. Giving examples.
C. Listing figures. D. Explaining causes.
11. Where is this passage most likely taken from?
A. A grammar textbook. B. A language learning magazine.
C. An English novel. D. A travel brochure.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了每个人说话都有口音和方言，并指出对口音和方言狭隘的解释会带来误解，人们应该超越这种狭隘的解释，因为语言差异能深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied. “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.”(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，大多数人骄傲地回答。“嗯，我的英语/中文等说得很完美。”)”和第二段中“In this sense, it’s meaningless to point out that someone “has an accent”. We all do!(从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是没有意义的。我们都有的!)”可知，作者指出每个人其实都有口音，所以那些说自己“英语/中文等说得很完美”的人可能误解了口音的本质。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English. The fact that this expression would cause standard American English speaker to take pause doesn’t mean that Singapore Oral English is “wrong” or “ungrammatical”. The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative, according to native Singapore English speakers’ solid system of grammar.(例如，“You got eat or not?”(意思是“你吃了吗?”)在新加坡英语口语中是一个可以接受且能被理解的问题。这个表达会让说标准美式英语的人停顿一下，但这并不意味着新加坡英语口语是“错误的”或“不符合语法的”。根据新加坡英语母语者坚实的语法体系，这个句子结构良好，表达清晰)”可知，新加坡英语表达“You got eat or not?”在其自身的语法体系中是结构良好的。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“For example, “You got eat or not?” (meaning “Have you eaten?”) is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English.(例如，“You got eat or not?”(意思是“你吃了吗?”)在新加坡英语口语中是一个可以接受且能被理解的问题)”可知，作者在第三段中通过举新加坡英语表达“You got eat or not?”的例子来阐述自己的观点，即每种语言都有其自身的方言，且这些方言在其自身的语法体系中是合理的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents (口音), most of them proudly replied. “Well, I speak perfect English/Chinese/etc.”(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，大多数人骄傲地回答。“嗯，我的英语/中文等说得很完美。”)”和最后一段中“We need to move beyond a narrow explanation of accents and dialects — for the benefit of everyone.(我们需要超越对口音和方言的狭隘解释——为了每个人的利益)”可知，本文主要讨论了口音和方言的问题，指出每个人都有口音，且每种语言都有其方言，人们应该超越对口音和方言的狭隘解释，这有助于深入了解人们的文化经历和背景。由此可推知，文章最有可能出自语言学习杂志。故选B项。
D
If you shop in supermarkets now
you may see many foods with big “protein” signs on black packages. These include powders, bars, yogurt, bread, and even coffee. Many people buy more protein for fitness and health, but marketing can influence our choices.
Colors on packages send signals. Green suggests natural, red and yellow suggest energy, and blue suggests coolness. Today, black often signals protein and an excellent image. This can create a “health halo (光环),” where one good feature makes the whole food seem healthy. With protein, this halo can hide added sugar or fat and make us pay more. Protein shortage is hardly common in wealthy countries, and too much protein is possible.
If you want more protein, choose foods that give better value. Animal foods like meat, fish, poultry, eggs, and cheese usually provide 11-32 grams per 100 grams. A chicken breast gives about 60 grams, a can of tuna gives about 22 grams, a 170-gram tub of Greek yogurt gives about 17 grams, and two eggs give about 12 grams. Chicken often gives more than 30 grams of protein per dollar.
You do not need animal foods to meet your needs. Plant foods can be very cost-friendly. Legumes like beans or soybeans give about 9 grams per 100 grams and often about 20 grams of protein per dollar. Peanuts at $6/kg give about 42 grams per dollar. Oats at $3/kg give about 33 grams per dollar. Nuts, seeds, and even a cup of frozen peas also add useful protein. In comparison, many protein bars give only 6-8 grams per dollar.
Bottom line: do not rely on colors and slogans. Read the nutrition (营养) label and choose a variety of fresh, minimally processed foods to get enough protein and micronutrients without overspending.
12. According to the passage, what is a possible risk concerned with the “health halo” created by black protein packaging?
A. It makes the food appear more natural and environmentally friendly.
B. It may hide the presence of unhealthy things like added sugar or fat.
C. It greatly increases the actual protein content of the food product.
D. It causes people in wealthy countries to suffer from protein shortage.
13. According to the passage, which of the following foods offers the most protein per dollar?
A. Chicken. B. Legumes. C. Peanuts. D. Protein bars.
14. What is the main message of the passage?
A. Protein is the most important nutrient for human health.
B. People should avoid eating animal foods to get protein.
C. Do not be misled by packaging: choose fresh and various foods wisely.
D. Black packaging means the product is great and high in protein.
15. What is the author’s attitude toward protein-labeled products?
A Fully supportive. B. Objective and careful.
C. Uninterested. D. Practical.
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了黑色蛋白质包装可能带来的“健康光环”效应及其潜在风险，比较了不同食物每美元所提供的蛋白质含量，并给出了选择蛋白质来源的建议。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Colors on packages send signals. Green suggests natural, red and yellow suggest energy, and blue suggests coolness. Today, black often signals protein and an excellent image. This can create a “health halo (光环),” where one good feature makes the whole food seem healthy. With protein, this halo can hide added sugar or fat and make us pay more.(包装色彩会传递信号：绿色象征天然，红黄色暗示活力，蓝色代表清爽。如今黑色常传递蛋白质与高端形象，这种设计会形成“健康光环效应”——某个优点让整体食品显得健康。对于蛋白质食品，这种光环可能掩盖添加糖或脂肪，让我们支付更高价格)”可知，黑色蛋白质包装创造的“健康光环”可能会掩盖添加的糖或脂肪等不健康成分的存在。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Chicken often gives more than 30 grams of protein per dollar.(鸡肉通常每美元提供超过30
