高考语法填空核心是无提示词和有提示词两大题型，共覆盖七大核心考点，直接对应填空空格类型。
一、两大核心题型
1. 无提示词题型：空格后无给出单词，需根据语法规则补填虚词（共3大考点）。
2. 有提示词题型：空格后给出单词，需通过词形变化或语法变形填空（共4大考点）。
二、七大必考点
（一）无提示词题型（3大考点）
- 考点1：冠词：填a/an（泛指）或the（特指/上文提及/独一无二的事物），如“__ useful book”填a，“__ sun”填the。
- 考点2：介词：常考固定搭配（如in time, on Monday）、介词短语（如because of），需积累高频搭配。
- 考点3：连词：分两类——
- 并列连词：and/but/or/so（连接并列单词/短语/句子）。
- 从属连词：that/if/when/while等（连接主句和从句，需判断从句类型）。
（二）有提示词题型（4大考点）
- 考点4：动词的时态/语态：根据上下文时间标志（如yesterday/now/since）判断时态，根据“主谓关系”判断主动（用时态）或被动（be+过去分词）。
- 考点5：非谓语动词：动词不作谓语时使用，三种形式——
- doing（主动/进行）：作主语、状语、伴随等。
- done（被动/完成）：作定语、状语、表语等。
- to do（目的/将来）：作主语、宾语、目的状语等。
- 考点6：词性转换：根据空格在句中的成分（主谓宾定状表）转换词形，如动词→名词（work→worker）、形容词→副词（quick→quickly）、名词→形容词（care→careful）。
- 考点7：名词单复数/代词：
- 名词：根据前面的冠词（a/an后用单数，the后可单可复）、数量词（many/few后用复数）变单复数。
- 代词：根据语境填人称代词（主格I/宾格me）、物主代词（my/mine）、反身代词（myself）等。
高考语法填空两大题型七大考点·50道真题练习（题目+答案+考点解析 三部分分离）
第一部分：
一、无提示词题型（共15题）
考点1：冠词（5题）
1. （2023·全国甲卷）I named her Coco because she reminded me of ___ coconut—small and cute.
2. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）Covering an area about three times ___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
3. （2021·全国乙卷）Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ___ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
4. （2020·全国Ⅰ卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments on board ___ satellite to study the upper atmosphere of Mars.
5. （2019·全国Ⅱ卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ___ joke.
考点2：介词（5题）
6. （2024·全国乙卷）Nothing in my life before prepared me ___ this challenge—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would feel comfortable.
7. （2021·全国乙卷）It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas—both ___ terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics.
8. （2020·全国Ⅱ卷）Bamboo plants are associated ___ health, abundance and a happy home.
9. （2019·全国Ⅰ卷）Modern methods ___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.
10. （2018·全国Ⅲ卷）I was searching ___ these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.
考点3：连词（5题）
11. （2023·全国甲卷）When I took her for a walk, she was so excited ___ she jumped up and down.
12. （2024·全国乙卷）But it’s amazing how you can adapt ___ learn in a new environment.
13. （2022·新高考Ⅱ卷）We trust each other, ___ is very important for a team.
14. （2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）___ the students came from different countries, they got along quite well in the summer camp.
15. （2020·全国Ⅲ卷）And the best part? You don’t have to carry a book around ___ you can download as many as you want.
二、有提示词题型（共35题）
考点4：动词时态/语态（10题）
16. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___ (be) previously unprotected.
17. （2024·全国乙卷）The “sunshine scent” of freshly sunned clothes ___ (be) one of my favorite things now.
18. （2023·全国乙卷）By the time we arrived at the venue, the meeting ___ (start) already.
19. （2021·全国甲卷）Since 1958, they ___ (recognize) as the national theatre of Israel.
20. （2020·全国Ⅰ卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) ___ (touch) down on the far side of the moon in 2019.
21. （2019·全国Ⅲ卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___ (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit.
22. （2024·新高考Ⅰ卷）Nowadays, more and more people ___ (choose) to work from home to balance life and work.
23. （2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）A new library ___ (build) in our school now; it will be open next semester.
24. （2022·全国乙卷）When he was young, he ___ (force) to work to support his family.
25. （2021·新高考Ⅱ卷）This process ___ (repeat) every year, and the wall becomes a symbol of the family’s history.
考点5：非谓语动词（10题）
26. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The plan will extend protection to... under one authority ___ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies.
27. （2024·全国乙卷）Growing up, my family never used clotheslines, denying me the chance ___ (discover) the “sunshine scent” of sunned clothes.
28. （2023·全国甲卷）___ (walk) along the street, I suddenly noticed a little dog following me.
29. （2021·全国乙卷）Ecotourism aims to leave a minimum impact on the places ___ (visit) and benefit the local communities.
30. （2020·全国Ⅱ卷）They represent the earth ___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
31. （2019·全国Ⅰ卷）Scientists have responded by ___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements.
32. （2024·新高考Ⅱ卷）He decided ___ (devote) his life to helping the poor after seeing their difficult lives.
33. （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）The lecture ___ (give) by Professor Li tomorrow will focus on environmental protection.
34. （2022·全国甲卷）I found a letter ___ (lie) on the desk when I came into the room.
35. （2021·全国甲卷）___ (complete) the project on time, we have to work overtime this week.
考点6：词性转换（10题）
36. （2024·全国乙卷）Yet now, I live in Zhejiang countryside, where central heating doesn’t exist and life is ___ (simple) than in the city.
37. （2021·全国乙卷）It allows the traveler to become ___ (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geography and culture.
38. （2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The GPNP is expected to contribute to the ___ (preserve) of the giant panda and its habitat.
39. （2020·全国Ⅲ卷）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and show their ___ (able).
40. （2019·全国Ⅱ卷）Her years of hard work have finally been rewarded with success in her ___ (profession) life.
41. （2024·新高考Ⅰ卷）The teacher praised Tom for his ___ (care) in doing homework.
42. （2023·全国乙卷）She speaks English ___ (fluent) because she has lived in the US for 10 years.
43. （2022·全国乙卷）The ___ (discover) of this new species has attracted worldwide attention.
44. （2021·新高考Ⅰ卷）It is ___ (believable) that he finished such a difficult task in only two hours.
45. （2020·全国Ⅰ卷）The ___ (nation) park is home to many rare animals and plants.
考点7：名词单复数/代词（5题）
46. （2024·全国乙卷）Thanks to the ___ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ___ (afternoon), the sun-dried clothes smell great.
47. （2024·全国乙卷）Over time, I’ve found ___ (I) feeling extremely at home here.
48. （2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）These ___ (photo) remind me of the happy days we spent together.
49. （2022·全国甲卷）The children are playing happily; ___ (they) laughter can be heard from far away.
50. （2021·全国丙卷）This is not my book. ___ (I) is on the shelf over there.
第二部分： 答案
一、无提示词题型答案
考点1：冠词
1. a 2. the 3. the 4. the 5. a
考点2：介词
6. for 7. in 8. with 9. of 10. for
考点3：连词
11. that 12. and 13. which 14. Although/Though/While 15. because
二、有提示词题型答案
考点4：动词时态/语态
16. were 17. is 18. had started 19. have been recognized 20. touched 21. recommended
22. are choosing/choose 23. is being built 24. was forced 25. is repeated
考点5：非谓语动词
26. to increase 27. to discover 28. Walking 29. visited 30. coming 31. noting 32. to devote
33. to be given 34. lying 35. To complete
考点6：词性转换
36. simpler 37. educated 38. preservation 39. ability/abilities 40. professional
41. carefulness 42. fluently 43. discovery 44. unbelievable 45. national
考点7：名词单复数/代词
46. absence；afternoons 47. myself 48. photos 49. their 50. Mine
第三部分：答案解析
一、无提示词题型解析
考点1：冠词
1. 解析：coconut（椰子）是可数名词单数，表“泛指”，且c辅音音素开头，用a。
2. 解析：固定搭配“倍数+the size of...”，the 表特指“黄石公园的面积”，不可省略。
3. 解析：“over the past+时间段”为固定表达，the 特指“过去的25年”。
4. 解析：satellite 特指“嫦娥四号探测器上的卫星”，表特指用the。
5. 解析：joke（玩笑）是可数名词单数，表“泛指”，j辅音音素开头，用a。
考点2：介词
6. 解析：固定搭配“prepare sb. for sth.”，意为“让某人为某事做准备”，介词用for。
7. 解析：固定短语“in terms of”，意为“就……而言”，高频必记搭配。
8. 解析：固定搭配“be associated with”，意为“与……相关联”，介词用with。
9. 解析：“methods of doing sth.”表“做某事的方法”，of 表所属关系。
10. 解析：固定搭配“search for sth.”，意为“寻找某物”，search 后接对象需加for。
考点3：连词
11. 解析：固定句型“so+adj./adv.+that从句”，表“如此……以至于……”，that 引导结果状语从句。
12. 解析：adapt 和learn 是并列关系，用并列连词and 连接两个动词原形。
13. 解析：非限制性定语从句，先行词是前文整个句子，关系代词用which。
14. 解析：前后句为转折关系，用让步状语从句连词Although/Though/While（均表“虽然”）。
15. 解析：后句是前句的原因，用because 引导原因状语从句。
二、有提示词题型解析
考点4：动词时态/语态
16. 解析：时态标志“previously（之前）”表过去；先行词areas 是复数，主谓一致用were。
17. 解析：时态标志“now（现在）”用一般现在时；主语“scent”是单数，用is。
18. 解析：“By the time+过去时从句”，主句用过去完成时（had+过去分词），表“到达前已开始”。
19. 解析：时态标志“Since 1958”用现在完成时；“they”与“recognize”是被动关系，用被动语态。
20. 解析：时态标志“in 2019”用一般过去时；touch down 主动关系，过去式为touched。
21. 解析：and 连接并列谓语，前文“shared”是过去时，recommend 过去式为recommended。
22. 解析：时态标志“Nowadays”，可用一般现在时（表常态）或现在进行时（表当前趋势）。
23. 解析：时态标志“now”用现在进行时；“library”与“build”是被动关系，用is being built。
24. 解析：时态标志“when he was young”用一般过去时；“he”与“force”是被动关系，用was forced。
25. 解析：时态标志“every year”用一般现在时；“process”与“repeat”是被动关系，用is repeated。
考点5：非谓语动词
26. 解析：空格处表“提高效率”的目的，非谓语表目的用to do（不定式）。
27. 解析：固定搭配“the chance to do sth.”，用不定式to discover 作后置定语。
28. 解析：空格后有谓语“noticed”，“I”与“walk”是主动关系，用doing 作伴随状语。
29. 解析：空格前有谓语“aims”，“places”与“visit”是被动关系，用done 作后置定语。
30. 解析：空格前有谓语“represent”，“the earth”与“come”是主动关系，用doing 作宾语补足语。
31. 解析：介词by 后接动名词，构成“by doing sth.”，note 的动名词为noting。
32. 解析：固定搭配“decide to do sth.”，用不定式to devote 作宾语。
33. 解析：空格后有谓语“will focus”，“lecture”与“give”是被动关系，时间“tomorrow”表将来，用to be given。
34. 解析：固定搭配“find sth. doing sth.”，“letter”与“lie”是主动关系，用lying 表“正躺在桌上”。
35. 解析：空格后有谓语“have to work”，表“加班”的目的，用to do 不定式，句首大写。
考点6：词性转换
36. 解析：空格后有than（比较级标志），simple 比较级为simpler，作表语。
37. 解析：固定搭配“become+adj.”，educated 是过去分词作形容词，表“有知识的”。
38. 解析：the 后需名词，preserve 名词形式为preservation（不可数）。
39. 解析：their 后需名词，able 名词形式为ability（可单可复）。
40. 解析：名词life 前需形容词，profession 形容词形式为professional（职业的）。
41. 解析：his 后需名词，care 表“细心”时名词形式为carefulness（不可数）。
42. 解析：动词speaks 后需副词，fluent 副词形式为fluently（流利地）。
43. 解析：the 后需名词，discover 名词形式为discovery（单数）。
44. 解析：系动词is 后需形容词，结合语境表“难以置信的”，believable 加否定前缀un-。
45. 解析：名词park 前需形容词，nation 形容词形式为national（国家的）。
考点7：名词单复数/代词
46. 解析：第一空：the 后需名词，absent 名词为absence（不可数）；第二空：plenty of 后接可数名词复数，afternoon 复数为afternoons。
47. 解析：固定搭配“find oneself doing sth.”，主语I 的反身代词为myself。
48. 解析：指示代词These 后接可数名词复数，photo 复数为photos。
49. 解析：名词laughter 前需形容词性物主代词，they 的形容词性物主代词为their。
50. 解析：空格后无名词，需名词性物主代词指代“我的书”，I 的名词性物主代词为Mine。
